A Comprehensive Study on Extraction, Characterization and Fabrication of Natural Fiber - Polymer Composites & Nano-Composites

Abstract

Abstract: With the advances in material science and process engineering, environment-friendly and biodegradable materials are gaining a lot of popularity and usability (1-2). A four-fold increase is seen in areas of R&D’s and industries in terms of bio-friendly materials. Particularly, when composite materials are appreciated as an alternative to conventional engineering materials, natural fiber-reinforced composite (NFRC) has the edge over synthetic fibers reinforced composites (FRC) in terms of biocompatibility and environmental concerns (3-4). Some handpick advantages like low density, natural abundance, economical, least environmental impact, and versatile application potentials make NFRC’s viable in many fields. However, moisture absorption and poor fiber-matrix interface are some hiccups in the development and performance of NFRC’s. While efforts are made by both industries and researchers in the escalation of mechanical performance and structural capabilities for such materials, this review aims to provide an overview of the NFRC material. The study expanse included here is the process of extracting natural fibers from the source, physical-mechanical properties of these fibers, and their selection. NFRC’s- matrix types, composite fabrication, the response in static and dynamic conditions, mechanical strength, electrical and thermal properties, etc. are included in this review.  Aspects of NFRC nanocomposite is also covered here in this article. NFRC and nano-NFRC biomaterials have the potential to equalize in terms of structural material used in a variety of sectors like household structures, construction, automobile, aerospace, biotechnology, while the scope of improvement and applicability of such biocomposite needs more attention.

Key words: Natural fibre, Composite, Bio-degradability, Nano-composite, Fiber extraction

References

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